Influence of long term conservation tillage on fungal disease appearance in winter wheat

Autor/in: Pringas, C., H. Miller, H.-J. Koch
Jahr: 2003
Zeitschrift: Proc. 1. joint IIRB-ASSBT-Congress
Verlag: San Antonio
Seite/n: 741-745

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Abstract

When non inverting conservation tillage is applied the development of pests and diseases can be promoted by plant residues left on the soil surface. For winter wheat this hypothesis needs to be tested for important fungal diseases like Fusarium sp. and Drechslera tritici-repentis. Since 1994 four tillage systems are compared at 9 sites in southern and eastern Germany. The tillage treatments (ploughed = mouldboard ploughing 30 cm deep, loosened = non inverting loosening 30 cm deep, mulched = only shallow tillage 10 cm deep, direct drilled = no tillage except for sugar beets with 1-2 passes of shallow tillage) are applied to all main crops of the crop rotation which includes sugar beet followed by winter wheat and one more cereal crop (mainly winter wheat). Stubble wheat leaf infestation with Drechslera tritici-repentis did not differ between tillage treatments if a triazole or strobilurine fungicide was applied once during shooting. To investigate tillage effects on Fusarium sp. infestation the Deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration in the cereal grain was measured. Compared to the ploughed treatment this toxic metabolite of Fusarium sp. increased slightly with loosening, mulching and direct drilling on several sites (2001). Only on one stubble wheat site grown with a variety susceptible to Fusarium sp. infestation DON concentration in the grain from the mulched and direct drilled treatments exceeded the critical value of 0.5 ppm clearly.

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