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Evidence for the association of target-site resistance in cyp51 with reduced DMI sensitivity in European Cercospora beticola field isolates

  • Autor/in: Müllender, M. M., A.-K. Mahlein, G. Stammler, M. Varrelmann
  • Jahr: 2021
  • Zeitschrift: Abstracts Oral Presentations and Posters Presented at the 2021 General Meeting of the ASSBT Virtual Meeting March 1 – March 4, 2021
  • Seite/n: 88-86, DOI: 10.5274/JSBR.58.1.57

Abstract

Cercospora leaf spot caused by Cercospora beticola is the most relevant leaf spot disease in sugar beet in Germany. In the last decade a decreasing sensitivity of C. beticola towards demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) occurred, but so far none of the known resistance mechanisms were found to be responsible for the loss of efficacy. An analysis of the cytochrome P450-dependent sterol 14 demethylase gene sequence (cyp51) of European C. beticola isolates with reduced DMI sensitivity revealed the amino acid alterations Y464S, L144F and I309T combined with L144F. Furthermore, mutations I387M, M145W and M145W with E460Q were found, uniquely. Together with the EC50 values of the isolates, these mutations are probably responsible for the DMI resistance. Additionally, constitutive and fungicide triggered expression of cyp51 was previously described as possible resistance mechanism. A very strong induction of cyp51 mRNA expression in sensitive isolates was determined by RT-qPCR. This suggests that the fungal cells upregulate expression to maintain ergosterol biosynthesis in DMI presence. The less intensive cyp51 induction in isolates with higher EC50 values underlines the possible correlation of the found target-site mutations with reduced sensitivity. This study provides new results about the loss of efficacy of C. beticola towards DMIs and hypothesized alterations in the target gene cyp51 as main reason for the so called “Azole-shifting”.
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